We come to Daniel 5. God has spoken by dreams, once in chapter 2 and again in chapter 4, and in a vision. In chapter 5, he writes on the wall!
Then they brought in the golden vessels that had been taken out of the temple, the house of God in Jerusalem, and the king and his lords, his wives, and his concubines drank from them. They drank wine and praised the gods of gold and silver, bronze, iron, wood, and stone. Immediately the fingers of a human hand appeared and wrote on the plaster of the wall of the king’s palace, opposite the lampstand. And the king saw the hand as it wrote. (Daniel 5.3 – 5, ESV, emphasis mine)
Belshazzar, son of Nebuchadnezzar, is the “king” in chapter 5. What to do with this writing? The “…king’s wise men…could not read the writing…” The Queen Mother knew about Daniel:
The queen, because of the words of the king and his lords, came into the banqueting hall, and the queen declared, “O king, live forever! Let not your thoughts alarm you or your color change. There is a man in your kingdom in whom is the spirit of the holy gods. In the days of your father, light and understanding and wisdom like the wisdom of the gods were found in him, and King Nebuchadnezzar, your father—your father the king—made him chief of the magicians, enchanters, Chaldeans, and astrologers, because an excellent spirit, knowledge, and understanding to interpret dreams, explain riddles, and solve problems were found in this Daniel, whom the king named Belteshazzar. Now let Daniel be called, and he will show the interpretation.” (Daniel 5.10 – 12, ESV)
Daniel is a man after my own heart: he explains riddles and solves problems! He’s also not afraid to confront authority. He reminds Belshazzar of the events of chapter 4 involving his father, Nebuchadnezzar, and concludes:
He was fed grass like an ox, and his body was wet with the dew of heaven, until he knew that the Most High God rules the kingdom of mankind and sets over it whom he will. And you his son, Belshazzar, have not humbled your heart, though you knew all this, but you have lifted up yourself against the Lord of heaven. And the vessels of his house have been brought in before you, and you and your lords, your wives, and your concubines have drunk wine from them. And you have praised the gods of silver and gold, of bronze, iron, wood, and stone, which do not see or hear or know, but the God in whose hand is your breath, and whose are all your ways, you have not honored. (Daniel 5.21 – 23, ESV, emphasis mine)
Therefore:
“…from his presence the hand was sent, and this writing was inscribed. And this is the writing that was inscribed: MENE, MENE, TEKEL, and PARSIN. This is the interpretation of the matter:
- MENE, God has numbered the days of your kingdom and brought it to an end;
- TEKEL, you have been weighed in the balances and found wanting;
- PERES, your kingdom is divided and given to the Medes and Persians.” (Daniel 5.24 – 28, ESV)
Note the word change: PARSIN in verse 24, PERES in verse 28. I was told decades ago that the first one was future, but by the time Daniel read it again, it had happened.
In the narrative of Daniel 5, the city of Babylon was already surrounded by the Medo-Persian army while King Belshazzar was feasting. According to ancient historians like Herodotus, the Persians literally diverted the Euphrates River that very night to march under the city gates.
And the conclusion is inevitable:
That very night Belshazzar the Chaldean king was killed. (Daniel 5.30, ESV)
The message of Daniel remains clear:
…His dominion is an everlasting dominion, And His kingdom is from generation to generation…and those who walk in pride He is able to put down. (Daniel 4.34, 37, NKJV)











